![]() ![]() In modern time, the city is usually referred to as Thăng Long – Hà Nội, when its long history is discussed. Thăng Long later became the name of a major bridge on the highway linking the city center to Nội Bài Airport, and the Thăng Long Boulevard expressway in the southwest of the city center. When Lý Thái Tổ established the capital in the area in 1010, it was named Thăng Long (昇龍, "rising dragon").Both Đại La and La Thành are names of major streets in modern Hanoi. This gave it the nickname La Thành (羅城, "net citadel"). In 866, it was turned into a citadel and named Đại La (大羅, "big net"). ![]() Several older names of Hanoi feature long (龍, "dragon"), linked to the curved formation of the Red River around the city, which was symbolized as a dragon. Long Biên later gave its name to the famed Long Biên Bridge, built during French colonial times, and more recently to a new district to the east of the Red River. It was known first as Long Biên (龍邊, "dragon edge"), then Tống Bình (宋平, " Song peace") and Long Đỗ (龍肚, "dragon belly").Hanoi had various names throughout history. The city has also hosted numerous political and international events, including APEC Vietnam 2006, 132nd Assembly of the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU-132), 2019 North Korea–United States Hanoi Summit, as well as 2009 Asian Indoor Games, and the Southeast Asian Games in 20. Hanoi joined UNESCO's Network of Creative Cities as a Design City on 31 October 2019, on the occasion of World Cities' Day. ![]() Hanoi was the only Asia-Pacific locality to be granted the "City for Peace" title by the UNESCO on 16 July 1999, recognizing its contributions to the struggle for peace, its efforts to promote equality in the community, protect the environment, promote culture and education, and care for younger generations. The city hosts various venerable educational institutions and cultural venues of significance, including the Vietnam National University, the Mỹ Đình National Stadium, and the Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts. Hanoi has a high Human Development Index of 0.799, ranking first amongst all the municipalities and provinces of Vietnam. The Central Sector of the Imperial Citadel of Thăng Long in Ba Dinh District was recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2010. Hanoi has been the capital of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam since 1976.Ī major tourist destination in Vietnam, Hanoi offers well-preserved French colonial architecture, religious sites dedicated to Buddhism, Catholicism, Confucianism and Taoism, several historical landmarks of Vietnamese imperial periods, and a large number of museums. On 6 January 1946, the National Assembly of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam designated Hanoi as the capital of the newly independent country, which would last during the First Indochina War (1946–1954) and the Vietnam War (1955–1975). The city was renamed Hanoi in 1831, and served as the capital of French Indochina from 1902 to 1945. Thăng Long remained Đại Việt's political centre until 1802, when the Nguyễn dynasty, the last imperial Vietnamese dynasty, moved the capital to Huế. In 1010, Vietnamese emperor Lý Thái Tổ established the capital of the imperial Vietnamese nation Đại Việt in modern-day central Hanoi, naming the city Thăng Long (literally 'Ascending Dragon'). Following the collapse of Âu Lạc, the city was part of Han China. Hanoi can trace its history back to the third century BCE, when a portion of the modern-day city served as the capital of the historic Vietnamese nation of Âu Lạc. It is located within the Red River Delta of Northern Vietnam. It consists of 12 urban districts, one district-leveled town and 17 rural districts. Hanoi ( Vietnamese: Hà Nội / 河內, lit.'Inside of the Rivers' ( listen)), often just referred to as The Capital ( Vietnamese: Thủ đô), is the capital and second-largest city of Vietnam. Central Sector of the Imperial Citadel of Thăng Long – Hanoi
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